Knee Surgery Basics: Who Needs It and What Happens

If your knee hurts all the time, swells after a walk, or locks up, a doctor might suggest surgery. The most common procedures are meniscus repair, ACL reconstruction and knee replacement. All of them aim to restore joint stability, reduce pain and let you move without limping.

Before the operation you’ll get an MRI, a physical exam and a talk about your health history. The surgeon will explain which technique fits your injury, how long it will take and what the risks are. Knowing the plan helps you feel less anxious on the day of the cut.

Preparing for the Day of Surgery

Preparation starts weeks ahead. Stop smoking at least two weeks before – nicotine slows healing. If you take blood thinners, like aspirin or ibuprofen, ask the doctor when to pause them. Pack a bag with loose clothing, slippers and any prescribed meds.

On the morning of surgery, eat a light breakfast unless you’re told otherwise. An anesthetist will review your allergies and may give you a mild sedative to keep you calm. Having a trusted friend or family member stay overnight can make the recovery feel smoother.

Recovery Roadmap: From Hospital to Home

After the operation you’ll spend a few hours in recovery. The nurse will check your pain level, blood pressure and the surgical site. Most people go home the same day, but some need an overnight stay for monitoring.

First 24‑48 hours are all about managing pain and swelling. Ice the knee for 20 minutes every two hours and keep the leg elevated on pillows. Your doctor will prescribe painkillers – take them exactly as directed to avoid over‑use.

Physical therapy starts almost immediately. A therapist will teach you gentle bends, quad sets and ankle pumps to keep blood flowing. These exercises may feel odd, but they prevent stiffness and speed up healing.

Weeks 2‑4 usually involve using crutches or a walker while you put weight on the leg. Follow the therapist’s schedule: three sessions a week, with daily home exercises. If you notice increased redness, warmth or a fever, call the surgeon – it could be an infection.

By month 2 most people can walk without aid, and light cycling or swimming becomes possible. Strength training – squats, leg presses and balance drills – should be added gradually, always under professional guidance.

The full return to high‑impact sports like soccer or skiing can take 6‑12 months, depending on the procedure. Patience is key; pushing too hard too soon often leads to setbacks.Remember, every knee heals at its own pace. Keep track of your progress in a notebook: pain scores, range of motion, and milestones like walking without crutches. Sharing this log with your therapist helps them tweak the plan.

In summary, knee surgery is a structured journey: diagnosis, pre‑op prep, surgery, early pain control, guided rehab and gradual return to activity. Stick to the plan, stay positive, and you’ll get back to the things you love faster than you think.